Into Unscientific Chapter 121

  Chapter 121 Disadvantages of distillation. (Thanks to the leader of the divine bird A Fei and Wang Wei Huohua!)

"water"

  In the house.

  Heard this small whimper.

  The three present were taken aback for a moment.

   Then he lowered his head almost at the same time, and looked at Wang Yue who was on the bed.

  I saw this moment.

  Wang Yue on the bed opened his eyes slightly, and the corners of his chapped and scabbed mouth twitched.

  Although his eyes were still dim and his eyes were dull, he apparently regained a little consciousness.

   "Water I want water."

   Xu Yun on the side heard the words, quickly poured a glass of water from the table, and handed it to Wang Ting:

   "Captain, here..."

  Wang Ting took the water glass, supported his brother's shoulder with one hand, and handed the water to his mouth with the other:

   "Zhengru, here comes the water, drink it quickly."

"Well"

  Wang Yue drank the water instinctively, his chest heaved several times.

   After evening out his breath, he looked around in a daze:

   "Mr. Zhengchen, where is this place?"

  Old Su on the side stepped forward when he saw this, first took a simple measurement of Wang Yue's forehead temperature with his hands, and then asked:

   "Zhengru, do you recognize the old man?"

  Wang Yue opened his eyes a little bit harder, sized up Old Su, and said after a while:

   "Aren't you Mr. Su Bo?"

   "That's right, it's the old man."

  Old Su nodded and sighed:

   "Zhengru, not long ago, you were attacked by Xia thief at night and you were seriously injured.

   That's all, I'll tell you about everything during the period in detail later, and you don't need to ask too much, it's important to recover from illness. "

  Wang Yue hummed a little confused.

   At this time, he had just returned from the gate of hell, and he couldn't remember what happened in the past at all.

  I just felt a tight pain in my chest and head, as if my body was about to be torn apart, and I couldn't lift the slightest strength.

  But my younger brother and Su Bogong are both trustworthy and close people, so naturally it is impossible to deceive or harm myself

   Thinking and thinking.

  Wang Yue felt another burst of tiredness, and soon fell into a heavy sleep, snoring sounded from his nostrils.

   Seeing Wang Yue whose breathing was gradually steady, Old Su first tucked the quilt for him, and then looked at Xu Yun with complicated eyes.

  If before that, he thought that Xu Yun was trying to show his presence, then the current situation of Wang Yue is enough to explain it.

  He was dead wrong.

   But he didn't feel ashamed or slapped in the face because of this. On the contrary, he had many questions that he urgently wanted to get answered.

  This old man, who has reached the end of his life, has a long-lost desire for knowledge.

  But before Lao Su could speak, Wang Teng beside him made a move first.

  I saw this cold-faced man stepping forward and walking in front of Xu Yun,

   Without further ado, I prostrated myself like pushing a golden mountain downside a jade pillar:

   "Brother's life-saving grace, Wang Ting will never forget it!"

  Xu Yun had already guessed Wang Jin's intentions before he joined hands, so when Wang Jin bowed down, he turned his body slightly to avoid the salute:

   "You are being polite, the captain. Zhonghou is an auspicious person, and the villain is just icing on the cake."

   "The icing on the cake? If this is the icing on the cake, there will be no instant relief in the world."

  Old Su on the side shook his head seriously when he heard the words, with a somewhat complicated tone in his tone:

   "If you hadn't acted today, Zhengru would surely die, Wang Lin, you don't have to be too modest.

   It's just that the old man really didn't expect that the disease of feces and water entering the body can be solved with garlic?

  Wang Lin, was there any famous doctor in your ancestors? "

   "I dare not be a famous doctor."

  Xu Yun waved his hand modestly and replied:

   "The villain's great-great-grandfather was just a wandering doctor. Before he died, he passed down this folk prescription. The villain only knows that he was a Taoist priest from a sect called Fenglingyueyingzong."

  Old Su blinked:

   "Feng Ling Yue Shadow Sect? It turns out to be someone from outside Fang."

  In the late Song Dynasty, there were many folk sects, and various sects and sects abounded, including some celebrities.

  For example, in Bianjing at this time, there was a Taoist named Lin Lingsu who was extremely famous, and he was called a true immortal.

   This person is also one of the ancestors of the Shenxiao School of later generations. According to the historical trajectory, he will be appreciated by Song Huizong in a few years and hired as a national teacher.

   At its peak, the options were in power, and even Cai Jing didn't give face.

  So Lao Su is not very unfamiliar with the concept of Zongmen. After saying the name of Zongmen twice, he changed the subject and asked:

   "Wang Lin, did that ancestor of yours leave behind the principle of curing diseases with garlic juice?"

  When Xu Yun heard this, the corners of his mouth raised slightly.

   Knew you were going to ask this.

   But the prediction belongs to the prediction, Xu Yun is not going to tell the other party the answer now.

  After all, the value he is going to show is not just one allicin:

   "Of course there are, but master, the Zhonghou is not out of danger now, should we go first?"

  Old Su was taken aback when he heard the words, and then slapped his head in frustration:

   "I'm ashamed, ashamed, the old man was happy to see Lie Xin, and almost missed the big deal, Wang Lin, how should he heal Zhengru next?"

  Xu Yun thought for a while and said:

   “Of course, allicin must be prepared first. To tell you the truth, the preparation of allicin requires a special liquid, which cannot be produced simply by pounding garlic.

  The garlic juice that the villain used to give Zhonghou earlier was the finished liquid that the villain carried with him, and it has all been used up now.

  If you want to make it again, I am afraid you will need some special equipment. "

  Old Su glanced at the container Xu Yun placed beside the bed, thought for a few seconds, and asked:

   "But that kind of liquor-like liquid?"

  Xu Yun nodded, applauding Old Su's keen thinking in his heart:

   "Yes, this thing is called alcohol, which means the essence of wine, and its strength is much higher than ordinary spirits."

   "What materials are needed to make alcohol?"

  Xu Yun continued:

   "Two glass bottles, and some bent copper pipes, these two things are essential.

   In addition, a large amount of white wine, ingot alkali and extremely fine salt are required.

  By the way, prepare a few sheets of asbestos. "

  Old Su picked up the pen and paper from the table, and wrote down these names with a look of doubt and curiosity:

   "Only these can make the alcohol you mentioned?"

  Xu Yun nodded:

   "Exactly."

   "What's the principle?"

   "Distillation."

   Distillation.

   In the 21st century, this word basically belongs to the concept that junior high school students know.

  The concept of alcohol distillation is very simple:

  The boiling point of water is 100 degrees, and the boiling point of ethanol is 78 degrees. Using the different boiling points of the two, you can use distillation to obtain alcohol with a higher concentration.

   That is, alcohol and water are mixed together. If you turn on a fire at 80 degrees, the alcohol will boil, but the water will not.

  The alcohol after boiling is condensed into another cup, and a high-concentration alcohol solution can be obtained.

   But this concept is easy to say, but it is very troublesome in practice.

  The specific reason involves a small amount of chemical thermodynamics knowledge.

   Well known.

  The critical point of the temperature at which the first batch of bubbles are separated from the liquid phase of the mixture is called the bubble point, and the critical point of the temperature when the liquid phase appears after the gas phase reaches saturation is called the dew point.

  Seeing that some students here have already started to get dizzy, it doesn't matter, the concept is not important.

   Important.

  The gas-liquid equilibrium data of the binary mixture can be viewed through the binary gas-liquid equilibrium phase diagram.

  For example, if you take the mass fraction of ethanol as the horizontal axis and the temperature as the vertical axis, you can draw a simple phase diagram coordinate system.

  When the temperature increases, the system enters the gas phase region.

  When the temperature drops, the system will enter the liquid phase region.

  Assume that it is a 40-degree alcohol solution, heated to the boiling point of ethanol T=78 degrees, theoretically the alcohol will evaporate at this time, right?

  But in actual operation, you will find that the system stays firmly in the liquid phase region without boiling at all.

   At this time, it needs to continue to heat up to a certain temperature between 78-100 degrees to reach the bubble point line, and then gas will be generated.

  However, in order to achieve gas-liquid equilibrium here, it is obvious that the composition of the gas phase is also required, that is, at the point corresponding to the same temperature on the dew point line, the alcohol content produced is x2.

   And you will find that as the alcohol purity increases, the required temperature will also be higher.

  That is to say, when you get it to the end, the evaporation temperature of water and alcohol will approach the same.

   Therefore, the alcohol purity that ordinary distillation can produce is only about 95% in practice, and it may only reach 80% in ancient times.

  Although this purity is enough to deal with most situations, as a patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder, Xu Yun is obviously not satisfied.

   This led to the two things he proposed later:

  Adamantine and fine table salt.

  With the help of these two things, the alcohol concentration can be further improved, even reaching the level of three nines.

  The line of sight is returning to reality.

Considering that the dose of allicin produced by Xu Yun for the first time was limited, even though Lao Su had countless ants crawling in his heart, he could only temporarily suppress his emotions, so he summoned Mr. Xie to take care of it, and told him to go and prepare various materials .

that's it.

   Two hours passed in a blink of an eye.

  When the time came to Youshi, that is, around seven o'clock in the evening, Mr. Xie Duguan finally found all the materials.

   Friends who have done distillation experiments should know it.

  Spherical flasks are generally used for distillation, but the current situation is special, and it is impossible to find fully compliant equipment.

  Xie Laoduguan almost used all the connections of Lao Su when he was working to get together a few spherical glass bottles.

   On the contrary, the process related to copper pipes is not difficult. Mr. Xie directly found a few copper pipes from the warehouse of the mansion.

  Although Lao Su is an upright official, his family background is quite rich. After all, this is the Song Dynasty.

  Based on the previous price conversion, Lao Su's annual income is roughly equivalent to 8 million after tax in later generations. This kind of salary is considered a high-income group even in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou.

   Then Xu Yun combined several objects into a simple distillation equipment, and poured the baijiu bought by Xie Laoduguan from Fanlou, the No. 1 restaurant in Bianjing, into the flask.

  Before the Yuan Dynasty, the wines in ancient China were basically fermented wines, with a height of about ten degrees.

  Some of them also carry a lot of grain residue, so they are called 'turbid wine'.

   Mr. Xie bought a few jars of wine with a concentration of about 20 degrees, and the wine was brewed with bran. Basically, it can be said that the wine with the highest concentration can be found today.

in short.

   Just use it.

  After everything is ready.

  Xu Yun put an asbestos net on it, and lit a fire on the simply modified stove.

  Old Su looked around like a curious baby, and looked at the flask sideways for a while:

   "Wang Lin, what's the point of putting asbestos on the bottom of your cup?"

  Xu Yun adjusted the amount of fire below. After all, there is no such thing as an alcohol lamp these days, while explaining to Lao Su:

   "The main purpose is to prevent the distillation flasks and these glass bottles from breaking due to uneven heating, so as to disperse the heat."

  Old Su nodded thoughtfully, then thought for a while, and walked to the other side of the stove.

   Randomly chose a pot and turned it over.

   It can be clearly seen that the marks in the middle of the iron pan are much heavier than the edges.

   "Heat evenly and evenly"

  Looking at the pot in his hand, Lao Su suddenly realized that there seemed to be a lot of knowledge in this world that he didn't know.

   After two quarters of an hour.

  The first batch of liquor was successfully distilled.

  Xu Yun poured out a small glass of wine and handed it to Lao Su:

   "Will you try it?"

  Old Su took the wine glass with great interest, first put it in front of his face for a while, then put it to his mouth, and took a sip.

   A few seconds later, the little old man suddenly raised his eyebrows:

   "What a strong drink!"

   Seeing this, Xu Yun nodded slightly.

  The alcohol content of the first batch of distilled wine can reach about 35%, which is undoubtedly quite strong alcohol for people of this era.

  At the same time, because it is distilled once, this kind of wine is also called Yiguotou.

   Exactly.

  One pot head.

  Many students may not know that the so-called Erguotou is not a brand, but actually refers to the wine that has been distilled in the second round, with a degree of about 56-63.

   Useless knowledge has been added. jpg.

   Xu Yun then processed the batch of distilled wine and carried out a second round of distillation.

  The time for the second round of distillation was obviously much longer than that of the first round. It took half an hour for the second round of distillation to succeed.

   Followed by the third round

   An hour later.

  Looking at the thick liquid in front of him, Xu Yun slightly shook his head.

  Perhaps due to insufficient equipment preparation, the alcohol concentration after three rounds of distillation has only reached about 70%, which is quite different from 80%.

  At this point, it basically means that the local method of distillation has reached the upper limit.

  If you want to further purify, either use an entrainer such as benzene, or use pressure swing rectification.

   Either

  Use the ingot base and salt prepared by Xu Yun.

   Ingot base is baking soda, the main ingredient is sodium bicarbonate.

  It is easily soluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol, and it is easy to absorb water to form sodium bicarbonate monohydrate or decahydrate.

  The composition of table salt is even simpler.

   Mainly sodium chloride, easily soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol.

   This is a desiccant commonly used in organic experiments to dehydrate solvents.

  Xu Yun is going to use sodium bicarbonate to take away the water in the system first, and then use excess sodium chloride to remove the remaining water in the system.

   In this way, it is not difficult to produce an alcohol concentration of 99%, but 95%.

   Xu Yun then put Xiaosu into the alcohol solution. Within a few minutes, a large amount of powdery precipitate appeared at the bottom.

   Xu Yun filtered out this part of the precipitate, poured the solution into a new container, added salt and stirred it to stand.

   Twenty minutes later.

  An extremely pungent smell appeared.

  As a bitter person in biology, Xu Yun can basically judge that the target alcohol concentration is at least 95% or more the moment he smells this smell.

  Old Su on the side took a small spoon curiously, scooped some alcohol from the bottle, and tasted a little without fear of death.

  As a result, as soon as I took it in, I was choked and coughed repeatedly.

after awhile.

  Old Su stroked his still hot neck, and said to Xu Yun:

   "Wang Lin, after making the alcohol, the next step is to make garlic juice for external application?"

  However, to his surprise, Xu Yun shook his head:

   "Master, do you remember what I said at the beginning? To completely cure Zhonghou's disease, external application alone is not enough, and other means must be used."

  Old Su blinked and guessed:

   "It's not external application, so is it swallowing?"

   "Well, you may not know it, the effect of swallowing allicin is very poor, and alcohol will also have a harmful effect on the stomach, so it is better to apply it externally."

   "So what?"

  “.Have you heard of IV injections?”

Note:

  Thanks to the leader of the divine bird A Fei and Wang Wei Huohua!

  Everyone can guess what the needle is, or it is estimated that no one can guess

  In addition, some readers said why you don't look at the number of words when you co-author it.

  I feel that the last book is explaining. For everyone's reading experience, I will combine some chapters. Didn't you find that the subscription price is different?

   It's a little late today, my grandma had something to do yesterday, she went in to help for a few hours, and it's still up to now

   Now go to bed and ask for a monthly pass! !

   Then push Ye Ju's book, "Congratulations on Being Arrested", the transformational work of the game classification master, and almost 5,000 orders have been ordered. If you are interested, you can go and have a look~

  (end of this chapter)

Chapter end