divine comedy 72 Chapter 5 Discourse of Beatrice on Vows and Compensations. Ascent to the Second Heaven, Mercury: Spirits who for the Love of Fame achieved great Deeds.

Beyond the measure that on earth is seen,

So that the valour of thine eyes I vanquish,

Marvel thou not thereat; for this proceeds

From perfect sight, which as it apprehends

To the good apprehended moves its feet.

Well I perceive how is already shining

Into thine intellect the eternal light,

That only seen enkindles always love;

And if some other thing your love seduce,

'Tis nothing but a vestige of the same,

Ill understood, which there is shining through.

Thou fain wouldst know if with another service

For broken vow can such return be made

As to secure the soul from further claim."

This Canto thus did Beatrice begin;

And, as a man who breaks not off his speech,

Continued thus her holy argument:

"The greatest gift that in his largess God

Creating made, and unto his own goodness

Nearest conformed, and that which he doth prize

Most highly, is the freedom of the will,

Wherewith the creatures of intelligence

Both all and only were and are endowed.

Now wilt thou see, if thence thou reasonest,

The high worth of a vow, if it he made

So that when thou consentest God consents:

For, closing between God and man the compact,

A sacrifice is of this treasure made,

Such as I say, and made by its own act.

What can be rendered then as compensation?

Think'st thou to make good use of what thou'st offered,

With gains ill gotten thou wouldst do good deed.

Now art thou certain of the greater point;

But because Holy Church in this dispenses,

Which seems against the truth which I have shown thee,

Behoves thee still to sit awhile at table,

Because the solid food which thou hast taken

Requireth further aid for thy digestion.

Open thy mind to that which I reveal,

And fix it there within; for 'tis not knowledge,

The having heard without retaining it.

In the essence of this sacrifice two things

Convene together; and the one is that

Of which 'tis made, the other is the agreement.

This last for evermore is cancelled not

Unless complied with, and concerning this

With such precision has above been spoken.

Therefore it was enjoined upon the Hebrews

To offer still, though sometimes what was offered

Might be commuted, as thou ought'st to know.

The other, which is known to thee as matter,

May well indeed be such that one errs not

If it for other matter be exchanged.

But let none shift the burden on his shoulder

At his arbitrament, without the turning

Both of the white and of the yellow key;

And every permutation deem as foolish,

If in the substitute the thing relinquished,

As the four is in six, be not contained.

Therefore whatever thing has so great weight

In value that it drags down every balance,

Cannot be satisfied with other spending.

Let mortals never take a vow in jest;

Be faithful and not blind in doing that,

As Jephthah was in his first offering,

Whom more beseemed to say, 'I have done wrong,

Than to do worse by keeping; and as foolish

Thou the great leader of the Greeks wilt find,

Whence wept Iphigenia her fair face,

And made for her both wise and simple weep,

Who heard such kind of worship spoken of.'

Christians, be ye more serious in your movements;

Be ye not like a feather at each wind,

And think not every water washes you.

Ye have the Old and the New Testament,

And the Pastor of the Church who guideth you

Let this suffice you unto your salvation.

If evil appetite cry aught else to you,

Be ye as men, and not as silly sheep,

So that the Jew among you may not mock you.

Be ye not as the lamb that doth abandon

Its mother's milk, and frolicsome and simple

Combats at its own pleasure with itself."

Thus Beatrice to me even as I write it;

Then all desireful turned herself again

To that part where the world is most alive.

Her silence and her change of countenance

Silence imposed upon my eager mind,

That had already in advance new questions;

And as an arrow that upon the mark

Strikes ere the bowstring quiet hath become,

So did we speed into the second realm.

My Lady there so joyful I beheld,

As into the brightness of that heaven she entered,

More luminous thereat the planet grew;

And if the star itself was changed and smiled,

What became I, who by my nature am

Exceeding mutable in every guise!

As, in a fish-pond which is pure and tranquil,

The fishes draw to that which from without

Comes in such fashion that their food they deem it;

So I beheld more than a thousand splendours

Drawing towards us, and in each was heard:

"Lo, this is she who shall increase our love."

And as each one was coming unto us,

Full of beatitude the shade was seen,

By the effulgence clear that issued from it.

Think, Reader, if what here is just beginning

No farther should proceed, how thou wouldst have

An agonizing need of knowing more;

And of thyself thou'lt see how I from these

Was in desire of hearing their conditions,

As they unto mine eyes were manifest.

"O thou well-born, unto whom Grace concedes

To see the thrones of the eternal triumph,

Or ever yet the warfare be abandoned

With light that through the whole of heaven is spread

Kindled are we, and hence if thou desirest

To know of us, at thine own pleasure sate thee."

Thus by some one among those holy spirits

Was spoken, and by Beatrice: "Speak, speak

Securely, and believe them even as Gods."

"Well I perceive how thou dost nest thyself

In thine own light, and drawest it from thine eyes,

Because they coruscate when thou dost smile,

But know not who thou art, nor why thou hast,

Spirit august, thy station in the sphere

That veils itself to men in alien rays."

This said I in direction of the light

Which first had spoken to me; whence it became

By far more lucent than it was before.

Even as the sun, that doth conceal himself

By too much light, when heat has worn away

The tempering influence of the vapours dense,

By greater rapture thus concealed itself

In its own radiance the figure saintly,

And thus close, close enfolded answered me

In fashion as the following Canto sings.

Chapter end